Learning Objectives
Upon conclusion of this activity, participants should be able to:

• Express a historical understanding of the use and recent proliferation of vagal nerve stimulation in multiple areas of medicine
• Identify three main types of vagal nerve stimulation devices currently in use
• Review the proposed mechanisms of action for VNS used in treatment of epilepsy, migraines, inflammation, and autonomic dysfunction
• Review notable pediatric VNS studies

ATTENDANCE / CREDIT
Text the session code (provided only at the session) to 507-200-3010 within 48 hours of the live presentation to record attendance. All learners are encouraged to text attendance regardless of credit needs. This number is only used for receiving text messages related to tracking attendance. Additional tasks to obtain credit may be required based on the specific activity requirements and will be announced accordingly. Swiping your badge will not provide credit; that process is only applicable to meet GME requirements for Residents & Fellows.

TRANSCRIPT
Any credit or attendance awarded from this session will appear on your Transcript.

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